Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer that plays a crucial role in various industries, ranging from textiles and paper to pharmaceuticals and environmental applications. Its unique properties, such as water solubility, biodegradability, and film-forming ability, make it an indispensable material for numerous applications. PVA is typically produced through the hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), where the ester groups are converted into alcohol groups. This process gives PVA its distinctive characteristics and opens the door to a variety of uses.The synthesis of PVA begins with the polymerization of vinyl acetate monomers to form polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). Through a process called hydrolysis, the acetate groups in PVAc are replaced by hydroxyl groups, creating PVA